Question 1 of 5
Which branch of normative ethics departs from the notion that consequences affect moral context?
A
A. Metaethics
B
B. Deontological ethics
C
C. Subjective ethics
D
D. Consequentialism
Why: Deontological ethics focuses on rules and duties rather than consequences, unlike consequentialism which judges actions by their outcomes. Metaethics examines the nature of ethical statements, and subjective ethics relates to personal feelings. Thus, option B is correct as it departs from consequence-based evaluation.[2]
Question 2 of 5
Match the following normative ethical theories with their descriptions: 1. Consequentialism, 2. Deontology, 3. Virtue Ethics, 4. Ethical Egoism. Descriptions: A. Focuses on character traits and virtues, B. Actions are right if they maximize overall happiness, C. Moral actions follow universal rules regardless of consequences, D. One should act in one's own self-interest.
Why: Consequentialism (1) judges actions by outcomes like happiness (B). Deontology (2) emphasizes duties and rules irrespective of results (C). Virtue Ethics (3) centers on developing good character (A). Ethical Egoism (4) promotes self-interest (D). This matching reflects core principles of each theory.[1]
Question 3 of 5
Discuss the key differences between consequentialist and deontological approaches in normative ethics.
Why: This answer provides a structured comparison with introduction, key points, examples (e.g., lying, trolley problem), and conclusion, meeting requirements for a high-scoring response on normative ethics theories.[3]
Question 4 of 5
State whether the following statements are True or False: 1. Normative ethics is concerned with describing what people actually believe about morality. 2. Virtue ethics is a type of normative ethical theory that emphasizes character over actions.
Why: Statement 1 is false because normative ethics prescribes standards for right action, while descriptive ethics describes beliefs. Statement 2 is true as virtue ethics, per Aristotle, focuses on cultivating virtues like courage for moral character.[1]
Question 5 of 5
--------- is an issue of practical ethics
A
Abortion
B
use of animal for research
C
euthanasia
D
All these
Why: Applied ethics, also known as practical ethics, deals with specific moral issues in real-life contexts such as medical, environmental, and social dilemmas. Abortion involves debates on fetal rights versus women's autonomy; animal use in research raises concerns about animal suffering and scientific necessity; euthanasia questions the right to die versus sanctity of life. All these exemplify practical ethical issues, making option D correct.[1]
