Quick recall · 237 cards
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PYQ · 2025
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Which country has launched a new military drills named “Strait Thunder-2025A” in April 2025?
A · China
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Which of the following ministry framed the 'Noise Pollution (Control and Regulation) Rules, 2000'?
B · Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
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In which year was the Jal Jeevan Mission launched by the Government of India?
C · 2019
PYQ · 2023
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Which of the following is a reliable predictor of recession mentioned in recent economic analysis?
B · Inverted yield curve
PYQ · 2023
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According to economists surveyed in late 2022 for 2023 predictions, what was the approximate year-over-year inflation rate in December?
B · 6.5%
PYQ
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Which of the following is the correct location and date for the first modern Olympic Games?
A. Paris, France, 1894
B. Athens, Greece, April 6–15, 1896
C. London, UK, 1900
D. Stockholm, Sweden, 1912
B · Athens, Greece, April 6–15, 1896
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Which major national event was celebrated as the 75th anniversary of India's independence in 2022?
A · Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav
Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav was launched in 2021 to commemorate 75 years of India's independence, continuing through 2022.
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In 2023, which city hosted the G20 Summit, marking a significant national event for India?
A · New Delhi
New Delhi hosted the G20 Summit in 2023, a major international event held in India.
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Which of the following announcements was made under the National Hydrogen Mission launched by the Government of India?
A · To promote green hydrogen production by 2030
The National Hydrogen Mission aims to promote green hydrogen production as a clean energy source by 2030.
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In 2024, the Government of India announced the launch of which new national digital platform to enhance citizen services?
C · UMANG 2.0
UMANG 2.0 was announced to provide integrated digital services to citizens through a single platform.
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Which major national announcement in 2023 focused on India's commitment to achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2070?
A · India’s Climate Action Plan
India announced its Climate Action Plan committing to net-zero carbon emissions by 2070 at COP26 and reaffirmed it in 2023.
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Which government scheme aims to provide free LPG connections to women from Below Poverty Line (BPL) households?
A · Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana
Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana provides free LPG connections to women from BPL households to promote clean cooking fuel.
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The 'PM Gati Shakti' initiative launched by the Government of India focuses primarily on which sector?
A · Infrastructure development and multimodal connectivity
PM Gati Shakti is a national master plan for multi-modal connectivity and infrastructure development.
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Which recent government scheme focuses on promoting electric vehicles by providing financial incentives to buyers?
A · Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (FAME) II
FAME II scheme provides subsidies and incentives to promote electric vehicle adoption in India.
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The 'One Nation One Ration Card' scheme aims to achieve which of the following objectives?
A · Portability of ration cards across India
The scheme allows beneficiaries to access subsidized food grains from any ration shop in the country.
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Which government scheme launched in 2023 focuses on improving the quality of education through digital infrastructure in rural schools?
B · PM eVIDYA Scheme
PM eVIDYA aims to unify digital education efforts and improve digital infrastructure in schools, especially in rural areas.
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Which economic indicator showed a significant increase in India during the fiscal year 2023-24, reflecting economic recovery post-pandemic?
A · Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate
India's GDP growth rate showed a significant increase in 2023-24, indicating economic recovery after the COVID-19 pandemic.
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In 2023, India’s inflation rate was primarily influenced by which of the following factors?
A · Rising crude oil prices
Rising global crude oil prices contributed significantly to inflationary pressures in India during 2023.
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Which recent economic reform in India aims to simplify the tax structure and improve compliance through a new digital platform?
A · Introduction of GST e-invoicing system
The GST e-invoicing system was introduced to digitize and streamline tax compliance and reduce evasion.
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India’s foreign exchange reserves reached a record high in 2024 primarily due to which factor?
A · Increased foreign direct investment inflows
Increased foreign direct investment inflows significantly contributed to the rise in India’s forex reserves in 2024.
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Which of the following economic indicators is used to measure the average change in prices paid by consumers for goods and services over time?
A · Consumer Price Index (CPI)
CPI measures the average change over time in prices paid by consumers for a market basket of goods and services.
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Which recent policy change impacted the Reserve Bank of India’s approach to managing inflation and growth in 2024?
A · Adoption of flexible inflation targeting framework
RBI adopted a flexible inflation targeting framework to balance inflation control with growth objectives.
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Who became the Chief Minister of Punjab in 2022, marking a significant political leadership change?
A · Bhagwant Mann
Bhagwant Mann of Aam Aadmi Party became the Chief Minister of Punjab in 2022.
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Which political party won the majority in the 2023 assembly elections of Karnataka?
A · Indian National Congress
Indian National Congress won the majority in Karnataka assembly elections held in 2023.
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In 2024, which of the following political developments involved a significant coalition formation at the national level?
C · Launch of the Third Front coalition
The Third Front coalition was formed by various regional parties aiming to present an alternative at the national level.
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Which leader was appointed as the new Governor of the Reserve Bank of India in 2023?
A · Shaktikanta Das
Shaktikanta Das was reappointed as RBI Governor in 2023 for a new term.
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Which of the following social initiatives was launched to promote digital literacy among women in rural India?
A · Digital Saksharta Abhiyan (DISHA)
DISHA aims to enhance digital literacy, especially among women in rural areas.
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The 'Har Ghar Tiranga' campaign launched in 2023 aimed to encourage citizens to do what?
A · Display the Indian national flag at their homes
The campaign encouraged citizens to hoist the national flag at their homes to celebrate Independence Day.
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Which recent social initiative focuses on promoting traditional Indian crafts and artisans through e-commerce platforms?
A · Vocal for Local
Vocal for Local promotes indigenous products and supports artisans by connecting them to digital marketplaces.
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The National Education Policy 2020 includes which of the following cultural initiatives?
A · Incorporation of Indian classical arts in school curriculum
NEP 2020 emphasizes inclusion of Indian classical arts and cultural heritage in education.
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Which recent infrastructure project aims to connect all state capitals in India with high-speed rail corridors?
A · Diamond Quadrilateral High-Speed Rail Network
The Diamond Quadrilateral project plans high-speed rail connectivity between major cities including state capitals.
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Which technological advancement was recently introduced in India’s space program to enhance satellite communication?
A · Launch of GSAT-24 communication satellite
GSAT-24 is a recent communication satellite launched to improve satellite-based communication services.
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The National Electric Mobility Mission aims to achieve which of the following by 2030?
A · Increase electric vehicle penetration to 30% of total vehicles
The mission targets increasing electric vehicle adoption to reduce pollution and dependence on fossil fuels.
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Which recent technological initiative by the Indian government focuses on promoting artificial intelligence research and development?
A · National AI Portal
The National AI Portal serves as a platform to promote AI research, innovation, and adoption in India.
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Which recent infrastructure development project focuses on enhancing India’s port connectivity to boost trade?
A · Sagarmala Project
Sagarmala Project aims to modernize ports and improve port connectivity to enhance maritime trade.
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India’s recent commitment under the National Electric Mobility Mission supports which environmental goal?
A · Reduction of vehicular emissions
The mission supports reducing vehicular emissions by promoting electric vehicles.
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Which of the following is a key feature of India’s National Biodiversity Action Plan updated in 2023?
A · Conservation of endangered species and ecosystems
The plan focuses on conserving biodiversity by protecting endangered species and habitats.
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The 'National Electric Mobility Mission' contributes to sustainability by focusing on which of the following?
A · Promoting electric vehicles to reduce carbon emissions
The mission promotes electric vehicles to reduce dependency on fossil fuels and lower emissions.
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Which recent government initiative focuses on promoting sustainable agriculture through organic farming and reduced chemical use?
A · Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana
Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana promotes organic farming practices to enhance sustainability in agriculture.
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Which of the following is a recent national policy aimed at enhancing India’s defense capabilities through indigenous manufacturing?
A · Atmanirbhar Bharat in Defense
Atmanirbhar Bharat in Defense promotes self-reliance by encouraging indigenous defense production.
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Which recent security update involved the induction of a new class of stealth fighter jets into the Indian Air Force?
A · HAL Tejas Mk1A
HAL Tejas Mk1A is the latest indigenous stealth fighter jet inducted into the Indian Air Force.
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India’s recent border infrastructure development primarily aims to improve connectivity in which region?
A · Ladakh and Arunachal Pradesh
Border infrastructure projects focus on Ladakh and Arunachal Pradesh to strengthen defense and connectivity.
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Which of the following recent defense agreements involved India acquiring advanced missile systems from a foreign country?
A · Acquisition of S-400 Triumf missile system from Russia
India signed an agreement to acquire the S-400 Triumf missile defense system from Russia.
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Which recent security initiative focuses on enhancing cybersecurity infrastructure in India?
A · National Cyber Security Strategy 2023
The National Cyber Security Strategy 2023 outlines measures to strengthen India’s cybersecurity framework.
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Which recent political development involved the formation of a new coalition government at the national level?
A · A coalition between Party A and Party B in 2024
The recent major political development was the formation of a coalition government between Party A and Party B in 2024, marking a significant shift in national politics.
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In the context of the latest economic reforms, which sector received the highest increase in foreign direct investment (FDI) limits in 2024?
B · Defense manufacturing
The government raised FDI limits most significantly in defense manufacturing in 2024 to boost domestic production and attract foreign investments.
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Which social welfare scheme launched recently aims to provide universal health coverage by 2030?
C · Universal Healthcare Access Program
The Universal Healthcare Access Program was launched with the goal of achieving universal health coverage by 2030, expanding access to affordable healthcare services.
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Which recent infrastructure project is expected to connect the northeastern states with the rest of the country via a new high-speed rail corridor?
B · Northeast High-Speed Rail Link
The Northeast High-Speed Rail Link is a recent infrastructure initiative aimed at improving connectivity between northeastern states and the rest of India.
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Which policy update in 2024 focuses on reducing carbon emissions from the power sector by 40% by 2030?
C · Carbon Emission Reduction Framework
The Carbon Emission Reduction Framework introduced in 2024 targets a 40% reduction in carbon emissions from the power sector by 2030.
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Which national event in 2024 marked the celebration of 75 years of independence with a focus on technological innovation?
A · Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav
Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav was the 2024 national event celebrating 75 years of independence, highlighting technological progress and innovation.
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How did the government respond to the recent nationwide drought in terms of policy measures?
A · By launching a drought relief fund and promoting water conservation
The government responded to the drought by launching a dedicated relief fund and promoting water conservation techniques among farmers.
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Which recent political reform has aimed at increasing transparency in election funding?
B · Mandatory disclosure of donor identities
The reform mandates mandatory disclosure of donor identities to increase transparency in election funding.
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Which recent economic policy aims to boost the micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSME) sector through easier credit access?
A · MSME Credit Guarantee Scheme 2.0
The MSME Credit Guarantee Scheme 2.0 was launched to facilitate easier credit access and support MSME growth.
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Which social welfare initiative was recently expanded to include urban poor populations under its coverage?
A · Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban)
The Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban) was expanded to cover more urban poor households for affordable housing.
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Which technological advancement was recently adopted in the national railway system to improve safety and efficiency?
A · AI-based train control system
The AI-based train control system was introduced to enhance safety and operational efficiency in railways.
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Which environmental policy update in 2024 focuses on promoting electric vehicles through subsidies and infrastructure development?
A · Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (FAME) II
FAME II policy was updated in 2024 to promote electric vehicle adoption via subsidies and charging infrastructure.
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Which significant national announcement in 2024 related to space exploration was made by the government?
A · Launch of a new lunar mission planned for 2026
The government announced a new lunar mission scheduled for 2026 to advance space exploration capabilities.
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What was the government’s primary strategy to tackle the recent surge in unemployment due to economic slowdown?
A · Launching skill development programs and employment schemes
The government focused on skill development and employment generation schemes to address rising unemployment.
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Which recent constitutional amendment aimed at strengthening the federal structure by increasing state autonomy in certain sectors?
D · Amendment 108
Amendment 108 was passed to grant states greater autonomy in sectors like health and education, reinforcing federalism.
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Which recent economic reform introduced a new tax regime simplifying income tax slabs for individuals?
B · New Personal Income Tax Code
The New Personal Income Tax Code introduced in 2024 simplified tax slabs to reduce compliance burden.
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Which social welfare scheme recently integrated digital identity verification to improve beneficiary targeting?
A · Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) Scheme
The DBT scheme incorporated digital identity verification to ensure accurate and timely benefit delivery.
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Which infrastructure development project focuses on expanding broadband connectivity to rural areas by 2025?
A · BharatNet Phase III
BharatNet Phase III aims to provide high-speed internet connectivity to rural regions by 2025.
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Which climate policy update introduced a carbon credit trading system to incentivize emission reductions?
A · National Carbon Market Scheme
The National Carbon Market Scheme was launched to enable carbon credit trading and encourage emission cuts.
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Which national event in 2024 was dedicated to promoting indigenous manufacturing and self-reliance?
C · Atmanirbhar Bharat Diwas
Atmanirbhar Bharat Diwas was held in 2024 to promote indigenous manufacturing and economic self-reliance.
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Which government initiative was launched to provide immediate relief and rehabilitation after the recent floods in multiple states?
A · National Disaster Response Fund (NDRF) Enhancement
The government enhanced the National Disaster Response Fund to provide swift relief and rehabilitation post-floods.
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Which recent political development involved the enactment of a law to regulate social media platforms in India?
A · Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines) Rules 2024
The Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines) Rules 2024 were enacted to regulate social media platforms and digital content.
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Which economic reform introduced a new policy to encourage startups through tax exemptions for the first 5 years?
A · Startup India Tax Incentive Policy
The Startup India Tax Incentive Policy offers tax exemptions for startups during their initial 5 years to foster entrepreneurship.
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Which social welfare scheme was recently modified to include pension benefits for gig and platform workers?
A · Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-dhan
The Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-dhan scheme was expanded to cover gig and platform workers for pension benefits.
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Which recent infrastructure project involves the development of a smart city integrating IoT and AI technologies?
A · Smart City Project in City X
The Smart City Project in City X incorporates IoT and AI to improve urban governance and citizen services.
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Which environmental initiative launched in 2024 focuses on restoring degraded forest land through community participation?
A · Green India Mission Phase II
Green India Mission Phase II emphasizes restoring forest ecosystems with active community involvement.
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Which national event in 2024 highlighted India’s achievements in renewable energy capacity addition?
A · Renewable Energy Summit 2024
The Renewable Energy Summit 2024 showcased India’s progress in expanding renewable energy infrastructure.
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How did the government address the challenge of rising air pollution in metropolitan cities in 2024?
A · Implementing odd-even vehicle rationing schemes
The government implemented odd-even vehicle rationing schemes in major cities to reduce vehicular pollution.
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Which recent political development involved the introduction of a new anti-defection law amendment to strengthen party discipline?
A · Amendment to the Tenth Schedule in 2024
The 2024 amendment to the Tenth Schedule enhanced provisions to curb political defections and maintain party discipline.
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Which economic policy reform introduced a new framework for public-private partnerships (PPP) in infrastructure projects?
A · PPP Infrastructure Facilitation Act 2024
The PPP Infrastructure Facilitation Act 2024 provides a streamlined framework to encourage private investment in infrastructure.
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Which social welfare initiative launched in 2024 targets nutritional support for adolescent girls and pregnant women?
A · Poshan Abhiyaan 2.0
Poshan Abhiyaan 2.0 focuses on improving nutrition among adolescent girls and pregnant women to reduce malnutrition.
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Which technological advancement was recently incorporated in the national power grid to enhance stability and reduce outages?
A · Smart Grid Technology with AI monitoring
Smart Grid Technology with AI-based monitoring was introduced to improve grid stability and reduce power outages.
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Which environmental policy update introduced stricter norms for industrial effluent discharge to protect water bodies?
D · Effluent Standards Regulation
The Effluent Standards Regulation of 2024 imposed stricter limits on industrial discharge to safeguard water quality.
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Which significant national announcement in 2024 involved the launch of a new digital currency pilot by the Reserve Bank of India?
A · Digital Rupee Pilot Project
The Reserve Bank of India launched the Digital Rupee Pilot Project in 2024 to test a sovereign digital currency.
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What was the government’s key measure to combat the recent surge in COVID-19 cases in 2024?
A · Accelerated vaccination drives and booster doses
The government responded by accelerating vaccination and booster dose campaigns to control the COVID-19 surge.
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Which recent political development involved the introduction of a new policy to increase women’s representation in local governance bodies?
A · Reservation of 50% seats for women in Panchayats
The policy mandates 50% reservation for women in Panchayati Raj institutions to enhance their political participation.
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Which economic policy reform in 2024 focused on liberalizing the agricultural sector by allowing private markets to operate freely alongside mandis?
B · Farmers’ Produce Trade and Commerce Act
The Farmers’ Produce Trade and Commerce Act liberalized agricultural markets to enable private trade outside government mandis.
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Which social welfare initiative launched in 2024 aims to provide free education and skill training to differently-abled youth?
A · Inclusive Education and Skills Program
The Inclusive Education and Skills Program was launched to support education and vocational training for differently-abled youth.
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Which infrastructure project completed in 2024 is the longest undersea internet cable connecting India with Southeast Asia?
A · Bharat Submarine Cable Network
The Bharat Submarine Cable Network, completed in 2024, is the longest undersea cable linking India and Southeast Asia.
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Which environmental policy update introduced a national target to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2070?
B · Net-Zero Emission Commitment
The Net-Zero Emission Commitment announced in 2024 sets the target for India to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2070.
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Which significant national announcement in 2024 involved the launch of a new national AI research center?
A · National Artificial Intelligence Center
The National Artificial Intelligence Center was launched in 2024 to spearhead AI research and development in India.
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What was the government’s primary approach to managing the recent surge in food inflation in 2024?
A · Increasing buffer stock releases and import duty cuts
The government managed food inflation by releasing buffer stocks and reducing import duties to increase supply.
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Which of the following is a recent government policy aimed at promoting renewable energy in India?
A · National Solar Mission
The National Solar Mission is a government policy focused on increasing solar energy capacity and promoting renewable energy in India.
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The Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative primarily focuses on which of the following objectives?
A · Enhancing self-reliance and domestic manufacturing
Atmanirbhar Bharat aims to make India self-reliant by boosting domestic manufacturing and reducing dependence on imports.
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Which government policy introduced the concept of 'One Nation, One Ration Card' to improve food security?
C · One Nation One Ration Card Scheme
The 'One Nation, One Ration Card' scheme allows beneficiaries to access subsidized food grains anywhere in the country, improving portability and food security.
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The National Education Policy 2020 aims to achieve which of the following key objectives?
A · Universalization of education from preschool to secondary level
The NEP 2020 focuses on universal access to education, improving quality, and integrating vocational education from early stages.
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Which of the following is a challenge faced in the implementation of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in India?
B · Complexity in filing returns for small businesses
Small businesses often face difficulties in complying with GST return filing due to procedural complexities.
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Which major government announcement in 2023 focused on the expansion of digital infrastructure in rural India?
B · Digital India 2.0
Digital India 2.0 was announced to further enhance digital infrastructure and connectivity, especially in rural areas.
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In 2024, the government announced a new policy to regulate which sector to promote sustainable development?
A · Electric Vehicles
The government announced policies to promote electric vehicles to reduce pollution and support sustainable transport.
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Which of the following announcements was made to support startups and innovation in India recently?
A · Startup India Seed Fund Scheme
The Startup India Seed Fund Scheme was announced to provide financial support to early-stage startups.
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In 2023, the government announced a new policy on data privacy. Which of the following is a key feature of this policy?
C · User consent required for data collection and processing
The data privacy policy emphasizes user consent for data collection and processing to protect individual privacy.
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What is the primary objective of the Swachh Bharat Mission launched by the government?
B · Improve sanitation and eliminate open defecation
Swachh Bharat Mission aims to improve sanitation facilities and eliminate open defecation across India.
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Which of the following impacts is associated with the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)?
A · Increased financial inclusion of the unbanked population
PMJDY has significantly increased access to banking services for the financially excluded population.
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Which of the following is an intended impact of the National Digital Health Mission (NDHM)?
A · Creating a digital health ID for every citizen
NDHM aims to create a digital health ID to streamline healthcare records and improve service delivery.
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Which of the following is a complex impact of the new labor reforms introduced by the government in 2023?
A · Balancing worker protection with ease of doing business
The labor reforms aim to protect workers while simplifying regulations to promote business growth.
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Which government body is primarily responsible for the implementation of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA)?
A · Ministry of Rural Development
The Ministry of Rural Development oversees the implementation of NREGA to provide employment in rural areas.
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Which of the following mechanisms is used by the government to monitor the progress of the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY)?
A · Use of a centralized online dashboard
The government uses a centralized online dashboard to track the progress and fund utilization under PMAY.
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Which of the following is a challenge in the implementation of the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) scheme?
A · Ensuring accurate beneficiary identification
Accurate identification of beneficiaries is critical to avoid leakages and ensure benefits reach the intended recipients.
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Which of the following is a complex aspect of implementing the Smart Cities Mission in India?
A · Coordinating multiple agencies and stakeholders
The Smart Cities Mission requires coordination among various government departments, private partners, and citizens for successful implementation.
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Which government scheme focuses on providing financial assistance to farmers for crop insurance?
A · Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana
The Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana provides crop insurance to farmers to protect against crop failure risks.
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Which of the following is an objective of the National Health Mission (NHM)?
A · Improve healthcare delivery in rural and urban areas
NHM aims to strengthen healthcare infrastructure and services across both rural and urban regions.
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The National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) is designed to achieve which of the following?
A · Encourage skill development through apprenticeships
NAPS incentivizes employers to provide apprenticeship training to youth, enhancing their skills and employability.
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Which government program was launched to provide affordable housing to urban poor by 2022?
A · Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban)
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban) aims to provide affordable housing to the urban poor by 2022.
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Which international agreement aims to combat climate change and was ratified by India in 2016?
A · Paris Agreement
India ratified the Paris Agreement in 2016 to commit to global climate change mitigation efforts.
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India's collaboration with which country focuses on the development of renewable energy projects under the International Solar Alliance (ISA)?
A · France
India and France jointly launched the International Solar Alliance to promote solar energy globally.
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Which of the following is a key feature of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement that India opted out of in 2019?
A · A free trade agreement among Asia-Pacific countries
RCEP is a trade agreement among Asia-Pacific nations aimed at reducing tariffs and boosting trade.
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Which of the following is a complex challenge faced by India in international trade agreements?
A · Balancing domestic industry protection with global market access
India often faces the challenge of protecting domestic industries while engaging in global trade agreements.
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In the Union Budget 2024, which sector received the highest allocation to boost economic growth?
A · Infrastructure
Infrastructure received the highest budgetary allocation to stimulate economic growth and development.
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Which financial policy was introduced in the 2023 budget to encourage digital payments?
A · Reduction in GST rates for digital transactions
The government reduced GST rates on digital transactions to promote cashless payments.
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Which of the following is a medium-term financial reform introduced to improve tax compliance in India?
A · Implementation of faceless assessment under GST
Faceless assessment aims to reduce corruption and improve transparency in tax administration.
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Which of the following is a complex financial policy reform aimed at improving banking sector health?
A · Recapitalization of public sector banks
Recapitalization injects funds into banks to strengthen their balance sheets and support lending.
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Which regulatory reform was introduced to simplify the process of starting a business in India?
A · Ease of Doing Business reforms including single-window clearance
The reforms introduced single-window clearance and reduced procedural hurdles to encourage entrepreneurship.
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Which regulatory change was made to improve the functioning of the agricultural markets in India?
A · Abolition of Agricultural Produce Market Committee (APMC) restrictions
The reform allows farmers to sell produce outside APMC mandis to increase market access and competition.
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Which of the following is a complex regulatory reform aimed at improving labor market flexibility in India?
A · Consolidation of multiple labor laws into four labor codes
The government consolidated numerous labor laws into four codes to simplify compliance and improve labor market flexibility.
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Which recent government policy focuses on boosting domestic manufacturing under the 'Make in India' initiative?
A · Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme
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In 2024, the government announced a policy to increase renewable energy capacity. What is the target year to achieve 500 GW of renewable energy?
A · 2030
The government set a target to achieve 500 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2030 as part of its environmental and sustainability policies.
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Which of the following best describes the impact of the recent government policy on agricultural reforms introduced in 2023?
A · It deregulated the sale of crops allowing farmers to sell outside government mandis
The 2023 agricultural reforms deregulated crop sales, allowing farmers to sell their produce outside government mandis, aiming to increase market access and competition.
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How does the National Monetization Pipeline (NMP) announced recently aim to contribute to economic reforms?
A · By leasing public assets to private players to generate revenue
The NMP aims to monetize public assets by leasing them to private entities, thereby generating revenue for the government and encouraging private sector participation.
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Which of the following is a challenge faced by the government in implementing recent liberalization measures in the manufacturing sector?
A · Resistance from labor unions
Resistance from labor unions is a significant challenge in implementing liberalization measures, as reforms often affect labor laws and employment conditions.
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Which economic reform introduced in 2023 aimed at simplifying the compliance process for small and medium enterprises (SMEs)?
A · Unified GST Return Filing System
The Unified GST Return Filing System was introduced to simplify tax compliance for SMEs by consolidating multiple returns into a single form.
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Which of the following social welfare schemes was expanded in 2024 to include more beneficiaries under the health insurance program?
A · Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana
In 2024, the Ayushman Bharat scheme was expanded to cover additional vulnerable populations under its health insurance program.
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The government’s recent initiative to provide free LPG connections to women from below poverty line families is known as:
A · Ujjwala Scheme
The Ujjwala Scheme aims to provide free LPG connections to women from economically weaker sections to promote clean cooking fuel.
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Which of the following best explains the impact of the National Education Policy 2020 on social welfare?
A · It promotes inclusive and equitable quality education for all children
The National Education Policy 2020 emphasizes inclusive and equitable education, aiming to improve access and quality for all children, including marginalized groups.
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Which social welfare initiative launched recently aims to provide direct cash transfers to women self-help groups to promote entrepreneurship?
A · Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana
The Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana focuses on empowering women self-help groups through direct cash transfers to encourage entrepreneurship and livelihood generation.
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Which environmental policy introduced in 2023 aims to reduce single-use plastic consumption by 50% by 2027?
A · Plastic Waste Management Rules
The Plastic Waste Management Rules were updated in 2023 to target a 50% reduction in single-use plastic consumption by 2027 to tackle pollution.
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The government’s recent initiative to promote afforestation and biodiversity conservation is called:
A · Compensatory Afforestation Programme
The Compensatory Afforestation Programme focuses on planting trees to compensate for forest land diverted for non-forest uses, promoting biodiversity conservation.
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Which of the following is a key feature of the government’s National Electric Mobility Mission (NEMM)?
A · Promoting electric vehicles to reduce carbon emissions
The NEMM aims to promote electric vehicles to reduce carbon emissions and dependence on fossil fuels.
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How does the government’s recent water conservation policy aim to address sustainability challenges?
A · By promoting rainwater harvesting and efficient irrigation
The water conservation policy promotes rainwater harvesting and efficient irrigation techniques to sustainably manage water resources.
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Which digital governance initiative launched recently aims to provide seamless access to government services through a single platform?
B · UMANG (Unified Mobile Application for New-age Governance)
UMANG is a unified platform that provides access to multiple government services through a single mobile application.
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Which of the following technology-driven policies focuses on enhancing cybersecurity infrastructure in government networks?
A · National Cyber Security Strategy
The National Cyber Security Strategy aims to strengthen cybersecurity infrastructure to protect government networks and data.
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What is the primary objective of the government’s recent Open Data Policy?
A · To make government data accessible for innovation and transparency
The Open Data Policy promotes transparency and innovation by making government data publicly accessible.
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Which fiscal policy measure announced in the 2024 budget aims to boost infrastructure investment?
A · Increase in capital expenditure by 35%
The 2024 budget increased capital expenditure by 35% to accelerate infrastructure development across sectors.
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Which of the following is a key feature of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) compensation cess announced to support states' revenues?
A · It provides compensation to states for revenue loss due to GST implementation
The GST compensation cess is collected to compensate states for any revenue shortfall after GST implementation.
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How does the government’s recent fiscal policy aim to promote green energy investments?
A · By providing tax holidays for renewable energy projects
The fiscal policy includes tax holidays and incentives to encourage investments in renewable energy projects.
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Which international agreement did India recently join to strengthen cooperation on climate change mitigation?
A · Global Methane Pledge
India joined the Global Methane Pledge to reduce methane emissions and strengthen climate change cooperation.
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India’s recent diplomatic policy emphasizes the concept of 'Act East'. What is the primary objective of this policy?
A · To strengthen economic and strategic relations with Southeast Asian countries
The 'Act East' policy aims to enhance economic and strategic ties with Southeast Asian nations to boost regional cooperation.
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Which recent international trade agreement has India signed to enhance market access for its exports?
D · India-Australia Economic Cooperation Agreement
India recently signed the India-Australia Economic Cooperation Agreement to improve trade relations and market access.
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Which of the following best describes the strategic significance of India’s recent participation in the Quad alliance?
A · To promote a free and open Indo-Pacific region
India’s participation in the Quad aims to promote a free, open, and inclusive Indo-Pacific region through cooperation with the US, Japan, and Australia.
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Which of the following is considered a leading global economic indicator?
C · Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Growth Rate
GDP growth rate is a primary leading indicator reflecting the overall economic health and trend of a country or globally.
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The Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) primarily measures which aspect of the economy?
B · Manufacturing sector activity
PMI is an indicator of the economic health of the manufacturing sector based on surveys of purchasing managers.
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If a country reports a consistent decline in its current account deficit, what does this generally indicate about its economy?
B · Improvement in trade balance
A decline in the current account deficit usually indicates an improvement in the trade balance, meaning exports are growing relative to imports.
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Analyze the potential global impact if the International Monetary Fund (IMF) revises its global growth forecast downward by 1%. Which of the following is the most likely consequence?
D · Increased risk aversion among investors
A downward revision in growth forecasts typically increases investor risk aversion, leading to cautious investment behavior and possible capital flight.
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What is the primary objective of a central bank's monetary policy?
B · To control inflation and stabilize currency
Monetary policy aims to control inflation, stabilize the currency, and support economic growth by managing interest rates and money supply.
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Which tool is commonly used by central banks to increase money supply in the economy?
B · Open market purchase of government securities
Open market purchases inject liquidity into the banking system, increasing money supply.
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If a central bank raises the repo rate, what is the most immediate effect on the economy?
C · Higher interest rates leading to reduced borrowing
Raising the repo rate increases borrowing costs for banks, which then pass on higher rates to borrowers, reducing credit demand.
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Evaluate the impact on inflation if a central bank adopts an expansionary monetary policy during a period of already high inflation.
C · Inflation will likely increase further
Expansionary monetary policy increases money supply, which can exacerbate inflation if already high.
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Which of the following is a direct component of a government's fiscal policy?
B · Adjusting tax rates
Fiscal policy involves government decisions on taxation and spending to influence the economy.
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If a government runs a fiscal deficit, what does it imply?
C · Government spending exceeds its revenue
A fiscal deficit occurs when government expenditure exceeds its revenue, requiring borrowing.
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Which of the following fiscal measures is most likely to stimulate economic growth during a recession?
C · Increasing public infrastructure spending
Increasing public infrastructure spending injects demand and creates jobs, stimulating growth.
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Analyze the likely effect on government borrowing if tax revenues decline sharply but expenditure remains unchanged.
B · Government borrowing will increase
Lower tax revenue with unchanged spending increases the fiscal deficit, requiring more borrowing.
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Which of the following agreements is aimed at reducing tariffs and trade barriers among member countries?
B · World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreements
WTO agreements focus on promoting free trade by reducing tariffs and trade barriers.
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Which of the following is a recent trade agreement involving the largest number of countries in the Asia-Pacific region?
A · Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)
RCEP is a large trade agreement among Asia-Pacific countries aimed at reducing tariffs and facilitating trade.
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What is the most likely economic impact if a country imposes high tariffs on imported goods?
C · Protection of local industries but possible retaliation
High tariffs protect local industries but may provoke retaliatory tariffs harming exports.
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Evaluate the effect on trade balance if a country signs a free trade agreement with a major trading partner.
C · Trade balance may improve or worsen depending on competitiveness
Free trade agreements can affect trade balance variably depending on the competitiveness of industries involved.
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Which financial instrument represents ownership in a company and entitles the holder to dividends?
B · Stock (Equity)
Stocks represent equity ownership and may pay dividends to shareholders.
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What is the primary function of a bond market in the financial system?
B · Providing long-term debt financing
Bond markets allow governments and corporations to raise long-term debt financing from investors.
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Which of the following financial instruments is most sensitive to interest rate changes?
B · Long-term government bonds
Long-term bonds have higher duration and are more sensitive to interest rate fluctuations.
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Analyze the impact on stock markets if central banks announce an unexpected interest rate hike.
B · Stock markets usually fall due to higher borrowing costs
Higher interest rates increase borrowing costs and reduce corporate profits, often leading to stock market declines.
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Which of the following is a key feature of economic liberalization?
B · Reduction of trade barriers and deregulation
Economic liberalization involves reducing government controls and opening up the economy to private and foreign investment.
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Which reform measure is most associated with improving ease of doing business in a country?
B · Simplifying licensing procedures
Simplifying licensing and regulatory procedures reduces barriers and improves the business environment.
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Evaluate the potential downside of rapid economic liberalization without adequate regulatory frameworks.
C · Market failures and increased inequality
Rapid liberalization without regulation can lead to market failures, monopolies, and social inequalities.
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Inflation is best described as which of the following?
A · A sustained increase in the general price level
Inflation refers to a sustained rise in the overall price level of goods and services in an economy.
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Which of the following is a common cause of deflation in an economy?
B · Decline in aggregate demand
Deflation is often caused by a decline in aggregate demand leading to falling prices.
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Analyze the impact of moderate inflation on economic growth and employment.
B · Moderate inflation can stimulate growth and reduce unemployment
Moderate inflation can encourage spending and investment, supporting growth and employment.
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What typically causes a currency to depreciate against another currency in the foreign exchange market?
C · Trade deficits and capital outflows
Trade deficits and capital outflows increase supply of the currency, causing depreciation.
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Which of the following exchange rate regimes allows the currency value to be determined by market forces without direct government intervention?
C · Floating exchange rate
A floating exchange rate is determined by supply and demand in the forex market.
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Evaluate the likely effect on a country’s currency if its central bank significantly raises interest rates compared to other countries.
B · Currency is likely to appreciate
Higher interest rates attract foreign capital, increasing demand and causing currency appreciation.
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Which of the following is an example of a major international economic summit?
A · G20 Summit
The G20 Summit is a major forum where leaders discuss global economic issues.
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Which of the following topics is least likely to be the focus of a major economic summit like the G20?
D · Local municipal governance
Local municipal governance is typically not discussed at international economic summits.
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How do major economic summits influence global economic policy coordination?
B · By providing a platform for dialogue and consensus building
Summits facilitate dialogue and coordination but do not have enforcement powers.
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Which technological advancement has most significantly impacted the speed and accessibility of financial transactions globally?
A · Blockchain and cryptocurrencies
Blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies have revolutionized financial transactions by enabling secure, fast, and decentralized transfers.
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How has the rise of fintech companies affected traditional banking sectors worldwide?
B · Increased financial inclusion and innovation
Fintech has increased competition, innovation, and access to financial services, especially for underserved populations.
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Which of the following is considered a leading global economic indicator reflecting future economic activity?
B · Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI)
The Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) is a leading indicator that reflects the economic health of the manufacturing sector and signals future economic activity.
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If a country’s inflation rate rises sharply while GDP growth slows down, this economic condition is known as:
A · Stagflation
Stagflation is characterized by high inflation combined with stagnant economic growth and high unemployment.
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Which of the following trends was observed globally during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020?
B · Sharp decline in oil prices
During the COVID-19 pandemic, oil prices fell sharply due to decreased demand and oversupply.
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Which economic indicator is best suited to measure the overall economic output adjusted for inflation?
B · Real GDP
Real GDP adjusts nominal GDP for inflation, providing a more accurate measure of economic output.
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Which of the following best describes the term 'quantitative easing' used by central banks?
B · Buying government securities to increase money supply
Quantitative easing involves central banks purchasing government securities to inject liquidity into the economy.
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Which institution is primarily responsible for setting monetary policy in the United States?
B · Federal Reserve System (Fed)
The Federal Reserve System is the central bank of the US and sets monetary policy.
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If a central bank raises the policy interest rate, which of the following is the most likely immediate effect?
C · Appreciation of the national currency
Raising interest rates tends to attract foreign capital, leading to currency appreciation.
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Which of the following tools is NOT typically used by central banks to implement monetary policy?
C · Government taxation
Government taxation is a fiscal policy tool, not a monetary policy instrument.
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Which of the following best explains the concept of 'inflation targeting' by central banks?
B · Setting a specific inflation rate goal to guide monetary policy
Inflation targeting involves setting a clear inflation rate goal to stabilize prices and guide policy decisions.
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Which fiscal policy action involves increasing government spending to stimulate economic growth?
B · Expansionary fiscal policy
Expansionary fiscal policy involves increasing government spending or reducing taxes to boost economic activity.
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A government running a budget deficit means that:
B · Its expenditures exceed its revenues
A budget deficit occurs when government spending is greater than its income from taxes and other sources.
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Which of the following is a likely consequence of a government increasing taxes significantly during an economic slowdown?
B · Reduced disposable income and lower demand
Higher taxes reduce disposable income, which can decrease consumer spending and aggregate demand.
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Which fiscal policy measure is most likely to be used to reduce an overheating economy?
C · Reduce government spending
Reducing government spending is a contractionary fiscal policy used to cool down an overheating economy.
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Which international trade agreement aims to reduce tariffs and promote free trade among its member countries in the Asia-Pacific region?
C · Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP)
CPTPP is a trade agreement among Asia-Pacific countries aiming to reduce tariffs and promote trade.
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Which of the following is a non-tariff barrier to international trade?
A · Import quotas
Import quotas limit the quantity of goods that can be imported, acting as a non-tariff barrier.
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The World Trade Organization (WTO) primarily aims to:
C · Facilitate smooth international trade by reducing trade barriers
WTO works to reduce trade barriers and promote free trade globally.
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Which of the following is an example of a financial instrument used for hedging currency risk in international trade?
B · Currency futures
Currency futures contracts allow traders to hedge against currency exchange rate fluctuations.
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Which market is primarily used for short-term borrowing and lending of funds among banks and financial institutions?
B · Money market
The money market deals with short-term funds and instruments like treasury bills and commercial paper.
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Which of the following financial instruments represents ownership in a company?
B · Stocks
Stocks or shares represent equity ownership in a company.
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Which of the following best describes the purpose of economic liberalization policies?
B · Reducing restrictions on private enterprise and foreign investment
Economic liberalization involves reducing government controls to encourage private sector growth and foreign investment.
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Which of the following reforms is typically associated with liberalization in emerging economies?
B · Removing price controls on goods and services
Removing price controls allows market forces to determine prices, a key liberalization step.
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Which of the following is a potential risk associated with rapid economic liberalization?
C · Exposure to global market volatility
Rapid liberalization can expose economies to external shocks and global market fluctuations.
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Which macroeconomic event in 2008 had a significant impact on national economies worldwide?
A · Global financial crisis
The 2008 global financial crisis led to recessions and economic downturns in many countries.
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Which of the following is a common policy response by governments to counteract the negative effects of a global economic downturn?
C · Launching fiscal stimulus packages
Fiscal stimulus packages increase government spending to boost demand during downturns.
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The rise of the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) is an example of:
B · Emergence of new economic powers
BRICS countries represent emerging economic powers influencing global economic dynamics.
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Which of the following regional economic blocs focuses on economic integration among Southeast Asian nations?
B · ASEAN
ASEAN is a regional bloc promoting economic cooperation among Southeast Asian countries.
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Which of the following factors has contributed most to the rapid economic growth of China in recent decades?
B · Economic liberalization and export-oriented growth
China’s growth has been driven by liberalization policies and focus on exports and manufacturing.
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A country’s GDP deflator increased from 112.3 to 118.7 over one year, while the nominal GDP grew from $1.24 trillion to $1.31 trillion. What is the real GDP growth rate during this period?
B · 3.7%
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If a country’s inflation rate is 6.8%, its nominal wage growth is 8.5%, and labor productivity growth is 2.1%, what is the approximate change in unit labor cost?
C · 0.4% decrease
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If a country’s nominal GDP is $1.2 trillion, and the government’s tax revenue is $210 billion, but tax-to-GDP ratio is reported as 17.5%, what is the likely discrepancy, and what could explain it?
B · Nominal GDP is overstated; actual GDP is lower
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Which social movement in 2023 focused primarily on advocating for climate justice and sustainable development?
A · Fridays for Future
Fridays for Future is a global climate strike movement initiated by Greta Thunberg, focusing on climate justice and sustainability.
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In 2024, which country witnessed a major social movement demanding digital privacy reforms?
B · Germany
Germany saw significant protests and campaigns in 2024 advocating for stronger digital privacy laws.
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Which of the following social movements in recent years has been primarily focused on gender equality and women's rights globally?
B · Me Too Movement
The Me Too Movement is a global social movement against sexual harassment and assault, advocating for women's rights.
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The 'Black Lives Matter' movement primarily addresses issues related to which of the following?
B · Racial justice and police brutality
Black Lives Matter is a movement focused on combating systemic racism and police violence against Black people.
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Which recent social movement used blockchain technology to promote transparency and accountability in governance?
C · Crypto for Change
Crypto for Change is a recent movement leveraging blockchain to enhance transparency in social and governance issues.
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The 2023 protests in France against pension reforms are an example of which type of social event?
B · Social movement
These protests represent a social movement where citizens mobilized against government policy changes.
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Which of the following is celebrated as the largest cultural festival in India, known for its vibrant colors and spring celebrations?
B · Holi
Holi is the festival of colors celebrated across India marking the arrival of spring.
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The Edinburgh Festival Fringe, held annually in Scotland, is famous for showcasing which of the following?
B · Theatre, comedy, and performing arts
The Edinburgh Festival Fringe is the world's largest arts festival focusing on theatre, comedy, and other performing arts.
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Which Indian state hosts the famous 'Hornbill Festival' that celebrates the culture of its indigenous tribes?
A · Nagaland
The Hornbill Festival is celebrated in Nagaland to showcase the rich cultural heritage of its tribes.
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The 'Carnival of Rio de Janeiro' is an internationally renowned festival celebrated in which country?
B · Brazil
The Rio Carnival is a world-famous festival held annually in Brazil featuring samba parades and vibrant celebrations.
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Which festival is known as the 'Festival of Lights' and is widely celebrated across India and other countries?
A · Diwali
Diwali is the Hindu festival of lights symbolizing the victory of light over darkness.
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Which of the following government initiatives aims to promote traditional arts and crafts in India through digital platforms?
C · Artisan Connect
Artisan Connect is a government initiative to digitize and promote traditional arts and crafts online.
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The 'National Education Policy 2020' in India includes provisions to promote which of the following cultural aspects?
B · Regional languages and cultural heritage
The policy emphasizes the promotion of regional languages and cultural heritage in education.
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Which government scheme launched in 2023 focuses on the preservation and promotion of intangible cultural heritage in India?
D · National Intangible Heritage Mission
The National Intangible Heritage Mission was launched to safeguard intangible cultural heritage like folk arts and traditions.
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The 'Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav' initiative by the Indian government is primarily aimed at celebrating which of the following?
A · India's independence and cultural heritage
This initiative commemorates 75 years of India's independence and promotes cultural pride.
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Which government program is designed to promote tourism through the development of cultural circuits in India?
A · Swadesh Darshan Scheme
Swadesh Darshan Scheme focuses on developing thematic cultural tourism circuits across India.
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Which international event is held every four years and features cultural performances from countries around the world, promoting global unity?
B · Olympic Games Opening Ceremony
The Olympic Games Opening Ceremony showcases cultural performances from host and participating countries.
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The UNESCO World Heritage Day is celebrated to promote awareness about which of the following?
B · Cultural and natural heritage preservation
UNESCO World Heritage Day focuses on protecting and promoting cultural and natural heritage sites worldwide.
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Which country hosted the 2023 G20 Cultural Summit, emphasizing cultural cooperation among member nations?
B · Indonesia
Indonesia hosted the 2023 G20 Cultural Summit focusing on cultural exchange and collaboration.
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The 'International Day of Yoga' celebrated globally on June 21 was first declared by which international organization?
B · United Nations General Assembly
The UN General Assembly declared June 21 as International Day of Yoga to promote health and cultural heritage.
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Which international festival is known for promoting indigenous cultures and is held annually in Canada?
A · Vancouver Indigenous Festival
The Vancouver Indigenous Festival celebrates indigenous arts, music, and culture annually.
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Which social media platform launched the #BlackLivesMatter hashtag that significantly amplified the movement worldwide?
C · Twitter
Twitter played a key role in popularizing the #BlackLivesMatter hashtag and spreading awareness.
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Which feature of social media has most contributed to the rapid spread of cultural festivals during the COVID-19 pandemic?
A · Live streaming
Live streaming allowed festivals to be broadcast online, reaching global audiences despite restrictions.
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Which social media trend has been criticized for promoting misinformation during social movements?
C · Fake news and deepfakes
Fake news and deepfakes on social media have often spread misinformation during social movements.
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Which social media platform introduced 'Reels' to promote short cultural videos and festivals globally?
A · Instagram
Instagram Reels is a feature for sharing short videos, widely used to showcase cultural events.
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Which of the following is a challenge posed by social media to traditional cultural celebrations?
B · Commercialization and loss of authenticity
Social media can lead to commercialization, which sometimes dilutes the authenticity of traditional festivals.
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Who won the 2023 UNESCO Artist for Peace award for promoting cultural diversity through music?
B · Angelique Kidjo
Angelique Kidjo was honored for her efforts in promoting cultural diversity and peace through music.
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The Booker Prize 2023 was awarded to which author for their contribution to contemporary literature?
B · Shehan Karunatilaka
Shehan Karunatilaka won the Booker Prize 2023 for his novel recognized for literary excellence.
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Which Indian personality received the Padma Vibhushan in 2024 for contributions to arts and culture?
C · Zakir Hussain
Zakir Hussain was awarded the Padma Vibhushan for his outstanding contributions to Indian classical music.
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The Nobel Peace Prize 2023 was awarded to an organization working in which social sector?
B · Refugee support and humanitarian aid
The Nobel Peace Prize 2023 was awarded to an organization providing humanitarian aid to refugees worldwide.
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Which film won the Best International Feature Film at the 2024 Academy Awards, highlighting social issues?
A · A Hero (Iran)
The Iranian film 'A Hero' won the award for its portrayal of social and moral dilemmas.
